They rarely act alone and mostly form dynamic protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks to achieve multi-functionality and various cellular signalling pathways 10, 11. The whole proteome is involved in important physiological and signalling tasks in the cellular system, and every expression of the protein modulates the whole interactome. Whereas, the study of a complex network called graph theory, which is an area of a branch of discrete mathematics and simplify the complex biological problems 43. Systems biology is an interdisciplinary field that has capacity to bridges the gap between in vitro and in vivo models by the data produced from omics and to reveal the functional perceptive of all biomolecules present in any biological model 44. To solve this kind of complex proteome/genome networking, researchers generally use system biology and graph theory approaches and principles. The anti-reductionism view provides a bigger picture of biomolecular components system and how these components are interconnected through a complex web system of interactions, directing to a function of a living cell. In modern molecular biology, antireductionism or zoom out approach should be followed by biologist, it should not be only focused on functioning of individual biomolecular components, this kind of approach leads our vision towards the reductionism or zoom in approach. (1999), have published an influential article entitled "From molecular to modular cell biology" on the new challenges of modern biology and pointed out an issue on the importance of constructing a general framework in which biological networks could be understood as a part of a complex modular organization of biomolecules of cellular system 9. Thus, it is of huge interest to advert the key regulatory targets of curcumin in various patho-biological conditions. This pleiotropic potential of curcumin can be endorsed to its capability to interact with a huge interactome of biomolecular targets of cellular system that participate in multiple signalling pathways 8. Many research studies have been published in the past dealing with the mode of action of curcumin yet inconclusive, and still the puzzle remains unsolved. Curcumin’s market is expected to witness a huge development due to growth in consumer awareness regarding its therapeutic properties, and that’s why an intense scientific study are urgently needed to explore the precise mechanistic action of curcumin. Earlier studies clearly exhibit the highly pleiotropic actions of curcumin as anti-cancerous 1, 2, anti-inflammatory 2, 3, anti-microbial 4, anti-oxidant 5, cardio-protective 6, radio-protective 7 and many more that makes it an ideal ingredient in different medical and food applications. The global curcumin market was valued at $58.4 million in 2019 and is projected to reach $104.19 million by 2025. The reason for the selection of curcumin for this study is, it is one of the important and thoroughly investigated naturally occurring bioactive compound, but its precise mode of action is still unclear. Curcumin is a yellowish-orange polyphenolic compound of turmeric/haldi ( Curcuma longa), a herb often found in curry powder. Naturally derived compounds possess enormous potential for medicinal and therapeutic actions for the management of diseases and curcumin is one of the most suitable examples among them. This comprehensive in-silico study will help to understand how curcumin induces its anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial effects in the human body. The current findings deduce a precise molecular mechanism that curcumin might exert in the system. Finally, the analysis of topological characteristic like bottleneck, degree, GO term/pathways analysis, bio-kinetics simulation, molecular docking, and dynamics studies were performed for the selection of key regulatory proteins of curcumin-rewired PIN. Most of them were associated with human diseases groups, particularly carcinogenesis, inflammation, and infectious diseases. MCODE plug-in was used for sub-modulization analysis, wherein we identified 25 modules ClueGo plug-in was used for the pathway’s enrichment analysis, wherein 37 enriched signalling pathways were obtained. The PIN rewired by curcumin was a scale-free, extremely linked biological system. To identify the curcumin governed regulatory action on protein interaction network (PIN), an interectome was created based on 788 key proteins, extracted from PubMed literatures, and constructed by using STRING and Cytoscape programs. The precise mode of action of curcumin and its impact on system level protein networks are still not well studied. Curcumin is an important bioactive component of turmeric and also one of the important natural products, which has been investigated extensively.
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In Jewish literature around the turn of the era, Isaac is portrayed as the prototype of the voluntary and joyful martyr, willing to go bravely to his death. In Islam, the son is unidentified and could have been Ishmael (Abraham’s son by Hagar and the ancestor of the Arabs) instead of Isaac, thus extending God’s covenant to the Arab peoples. Isaac, however is variously interpreted according to time and tradition. In Judaism and Christianity ( as well as Islam), Abraham is the paradigm of the man of faith, put to the ultimate test and found to be steadfast. At the last moment, however, an angel calls out to Abraham to do no harm to the lad, and a ram caught in a nearby thicket is substitute for Isaac. Abraham binds Isaac, lays him on the firewood and raises his knife to slay him. Father and son travel three days to Moriah, the place of sacrifice, where they build an altar. Yet, as we shall see, at various times Christians and Jews were aware of each other’s interpretation of the story.Īccording to the narrative in Genesis 22:2–18, God, without any warning, commands Abraham to sacrifice his beloved son as a burnt offering. For most Christians, the Hebrew word akedah is unfamiliar more often than not, they will refer to the episode as the sacrifice of Isaac rather than the binding of Isaac. It is even portrayed differently in the pictures they make. For nearly 2,000 years, however, it has been read somewhat differently by Jews and Christians. The Akedah (ah-kay-DAH), or binding of Isaac, is one of the most powerful narratives in the Hebrew Bible. A servant stands at right, and the ram, which Abraham will sacrifice in Isaac’s place, is at left. Abraham stands with the knife (now broken off) in hand, prepared to follow God’s command. The story of how God tested Abraham by ordering him to sacrifice his son Isaac on Moriah is depicted. Detail of the upper left scene on the marble sarcophagus of Junius Bassus (see the next photo). Linux users can set the password with this terminal command:Īlternatively, this command will let some Linux users set the password in a helpful GUI:Īfter any of these commands, you should get a confirmation that the SuperUser password has been changed. On macOS, open the terminal and enter this command: Open the Mumble client for the first time by double clicking the icon on your desktop. With "Your_password" replaced with whatever you want your password to be. Connecting to a Mumble Server Using the Mumble Client Setup Wizard. You can set the SuperUser password on Windows by opening the installation folder in the Command Prompt and entering the command: You and your friends will need it to connect.īut if you want the ability to do things like ban users and manage channels from the Mumble client, you'll need to take the following steps on the device running Murmur.īefore doing this, make sure you've registered your username as described in the step above. To set a server password to keep unwelcome guests out, find serverpassword= and enter a secure password. Again, make sure you have that port open on all firewalls and security software. If you're planning to use a port other than the default, find port= and change it to your preferred port. To change the welcome text the user sees when they join your server, look for welcometext= in the file. There will be a default message, and you can change it to whatever you like. If the setting you're changing is commented, meaning it has a semicolon ( ) in front of it, you must uncomment it by removing the symbol for the change to take effect. There are many settings, but we'll cover just the most commonly edited ones. It's usually found in the installation folder or somewhere similar to "murmur/murmur.ini" or "/etc/murmur.ini". After installing Murmur, search your system for a file called "murmur.ini". An image of your signature appears in the Appearance block.ĭisable all of the options in the Configure Text section, then click the “OK” button to save the digital signature. Highlight the PDF file, then click the “OK” button to import the signature PDF and return to the Configure Signature Appearance window. Click the “File” button underneath the “Import Graphic from” label.īrowse to the My Signature PDF file you created earlier. Enter a descriptive name for the new signature in the Signature Name field, then click the radio button next to the “Imported Graphic” option. Click “File” and “Save As.” Save the My Signature image file as a standard PDF file on the Windows desktop or in another easy-to-access folder.Ĭlick “File” and “Preferences.” Click the “Security” tab in the Preferences window, then click the “New” button next to the Appearance block to open a new Configure Signature Appearance dialog window. Click “Open” to open the image in the Acrobat window. Click “File” and “Open,” then browse to the My Signature JPEG image you created with the Snippet Tool. Close the Snipping Tool window and exit the Windows Photo Viewer window. Click the “Save as Type” drop-down list and select “JPEG file." Click the “Save” button to save the new My Signature image in the Pictures library. In the “Save As” window, type “My Signature” or something similar in the “File name” field. Release the mouse button to select your signature and create a snippet.Ĭlick the floppy disk-shaped icon on the Snipping Tool toolbar. Select as little white space around the signature as possible. Press and hold the left mouse button to select a rectangular area around your written signature. This displays the image file in its full size.Ĭlick “Start | All Programs | Accessories | Snipping Tool.” Click “New” in the Snipping Tool window the cursor changes to a large “+” symbol. Click the “Actual Size” icon to the left of the left arrow button on the bottom of the Windows Photo Viewer window. Double-click the image file to open it in Windows Photo Viewer. Drag it to the appropriate location.Open Windows Explorer and browse to the folder where you saved the scanned JPEG image of your signature. Then just click once on the signature you want, and it’ll appear slap bang in the centre of the image. Open the toolbar and click on the Sign tool icon.Scroll to the area you need to sign – if there are multiple pages it pays to be on the correct page before you bring up the signature.Open the image or PDF file that you want to sign in Preview (or initiated Quick Look by selecting the file and pressing Space).As we said above, as of macOS Mojave you don’t even need to open up Preview to do so. Once you’ve got a signature saved in Preview it’s incredibly easy to add it to this or any other image file in future. Try to hold it steady, and match the writing to the guide line. But we find it hard to be accurate and prefer to write a signature the old-fashioned way on a white piece of paper and then hold it up to the webcam.You can use a fingertip, but it’s more accurate if you use a stylus. Scribbling it on a trackpad is the quicker method (press any key when you’re finished, followed by Done). There are two ways to create a digital signature: Trackpad, and Camera.If you’ve created any signatures, they will be listed and available here, but you can also click Create Signature to make a new one, followed by Click Here to Begin.You should now see the bar of editing features, starting with Text Selection on the lefthand end and including Sketch, Draw, Shapes and, seventh from the left, an icon that looks like a scrawled bit of handwriting.Click the Markup Toolbox icon – the pen in a circle just to the left of the search field – to open the editing tools, if the toolbar isn’t open already.Alternatively, depending on the file type simply double-clicking on a pdf or other image file may open it in Preview by default. Or just drag a file on to the Preview icon in the Dock, if it lives there. Note, we’ll walk you through using Preview to do this, but once you’ve got everything set up you will be able to insert the signature from Quick Look without even open the Preview app! 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The national research agencies that form the Gemini partnership include: the US National Science Foundation (NSF), the Canadian National Research Council (NRC), the Chilean Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID), the Brazilian Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Argentinean Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, and the Korea Astronomy and Space Institute (KASI). In addition to financial support, each country also contributes significant scientific and technical resources. The first large telescope on Mauna Kea was completed forty-seven years ago. The National Science Foundation has launched an informal outreach to Hawaii about possible funding efforts for the stalled Thirty Meter Telescope project. The International Gemini Observatory provides the astronomical communities in six participant countries with state-of-the-art astronomical facilities that allocate observing time in proportion to each country's contribution. This project is not, however, on an untouched landscape. The move came after more than eight months of nonviolent protests at the base of the Mauna Kea Access Road, The Honolulu Star-Advertiser reported Thursday. International Gemini Observatory Participants HONOLULU (AP) Opponents of the Thirty Meter Telescope project on Hawaii’s Big Island have pulled out of their camp due to concerns over the spread of the coronavirus. Gemini In The Era of Multi-Messenger Astronomy.Credit: Holly Johnson/AP/PA Images Hawaiis supreme court has ruled that the construction permit. Gemini Telescopes, Science and Technologies Protests and legal battles have halted construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope in Hawaii.Timing information in Gemini Instruments Activists who prefer the term 'protectors' camp near an access road to Mauna Kea in Hawaii to protest a planned telescope atop the mountain.Phase II: Requesting & Monitoring Observations. In addition to featuring support for a brand-new architecture, macOS Big Sur also has a refreshed design that creates greater unity with Apple’s mobile operating systems. Let’s take a closer look at everything new in macOS Big Sur to make it clear why this is one of the biggest updates in years. How to Create a macOS Big Sur USB installer.How to Update to macOS Big Sur without Losing Data?. The good news is that Big Sur is compatible with most older Intel-based Macs, so you don’t need to purchase a new computer just to enjoy the numerous changes it brings. Apple demonstrated the responsiveness of the new operating system on a MacBook powered by the revolutionary M1 chip, the first member of a new hardware family that promises cutting-edge performance and best-in-class energy efficiency. The official release of macOS Big Sur took place on November 10, 2020, during Apple’s One More Thing event. macOS Big Sur 11.0 beta 10 (October 2020)Īs you can see, Big Sur bumps the version number of macOS to 11, marking the end of version 10 after nearly two decades. It also marks the end of Apple’s Intel era because it’s the first version of macOS with support for the Arm architecture and all future Apple hardware based on it.macOS Big Sur 11.0 beta 9 (September 2020).macOS Big Sur 11.0 beta 8 (September 2020).macOS Big Sur 11.0 beta 7 (September 2020).macOS Big Sur 11.0 beta 6 (September 2020).macOS Big Sur 11.0 beta 5 (August 2020).macOS Big Sur 11.0 beta 4 (August 2020).Here’s a list of all the beta versions that have been released: The release of the first beta was followed by nine other beta releases, the last of which became available in the middle of October. The first beta version of macOS Big Sur was introduced at the WWDC20 keynote, which took place on Monday 22 June as a virtual event. MacOS Big Sur, the latest version of Apple’s operating system, is finally here, and it brings to the table an overhauled design as well as a whole bunch of tweaks and new features. For the C major, it would include the following chords: C - C# - D - Eb - E - F - F# - G - Ab - A - Bb - B. It would be possible to create a chromatic key overview. Concerning the "ii°" column, the diminished chords are seldom used in a triad context. The I chord is now function as III chord and so on. The minor version is easy to learn since it's just a mirror of the major version with a different order. Chart with chords sorted by minor key Key So, for example, replacing Em7 with Em6 in the key of G major will lead to some dissonance. Minor 6th and minor 13th chords are atonal in the degree that they will not match the same key as the relevant triad minor. All extended chords don't function in this way, however. Following the same concept, a m9 or a maj9 could as well be substituted for a m7 or a maj7 chord, respectively, and so on. Whenever a chord is marked with a 7th, you could always replaced it with 9th, 111th or 13th chords. For example, it's common to use a seventh dominant as the V chord. There are more categories of four-note chords, but these are suggestions of chords that fit well together. Chart with four-note chords sorted by key Key One example of chord progression is G - Bb - C - D. You could even add a third chord beyond the standard key chords: bIII (flattened third). Of the expanded rows, this progression works well in the key of C: One example of chord progression using the expanding chords in the key of G is: This second table gives you some possibilities beyond what is presented in the first table. For more instructions, see the article about chords that sound good together. It's also possible to play in minor keys and here are some common minor keys and chords:Ĭhords in the key of A minor: Am, C, Dm, Em, F and G (you can substitute D for Dm and E for Em)Ĭhords in the key of E minor: Em, G, Am, Bm, C and D (you can substitute A for Am and B for Bm)įor other minor keys, use the table below. To help you out in the most common keys for guitar here are some shortcuts that can come handy:Ĭhords in the key of G: G, Am, Bm, C, D and EmĬhords in the key of C: C, Dm, Em, F, G and AmĬhords in the key of D: D, Em, F#m, G, A and BmĬhords in the key of A: A, Bm, C#m, D, E and F#m As we recognize chords that match, we can use them together then composing music. One more area in which the chart can assist us is in writing our own songs. Really nice and smooth, isn’t it? Of course, sometimes we want some dissonance in our music but the chart above gives us the fundamentals for creating chord progressions. Every one of these chords always sound nice together. Here we find C major, D minor, E minor, F major, G major and A minor. As soon you know this, you also know which chords that are well played together.įor an example, look at the chord chart and the column that begins with C. The chord chart above is very useful because it tells you which chords that belongs to a certain key. See an extended version of the chart below plus additional tables including one with a minor key perspective. Chords on the same rows will always sound good in different progressions because they belong to the same key. In essence, the table gives tips on which chords to play together. If you are looking for an overview of guitar chords, see the chart with diagrams. From left to right, you can see a key and the chords that belong to it. When the two notes match perfectly, the pulsation stops and the two notes sound, as one.A chart with keys and chords showing the relationship of chords in all the keys can be seen below. As you tune the string, the pitches get closer and the pulsation slows. If your string is slightly out of tune, you will hear a pulsating sound between the two notes. Click the string you want to tune and play the corresponding string on your guitar so the two notes sound together. Or, click the "Tuner" button above to activate the manual tuner. Use the online tuner to tune your guitar using your device’s microphone. For example, here is a C major seventh chord and an E major scale. This also allows you to share your markings with others. Save your markings on the guitar by copying the web address in your browser. Play the marked notes by clicking "Play" or pressing the spacebar on your keyboard. Press and hold the alt key on your keyboard to mark notes with ♯ instead of ♭. Click "Mark" to mark notes on the fretboard as you click on each one. Click "Sounds" to choose between different guitar sounds. Press and hold the shift key (⇧) and use the top two keyboard rows, to play the top two strings.Ĭlick "Highlight" above the guitar to show note names. The four rows of keys on your keyboard corresponds to the four lowest strings on the guitar. Use your computer keyboard or click on the guitar strings to play the guitar. I can’t add a new answer to the topic ‘Costa Rica or St. I’m drawn to Costa Rica’s sense of adventure. Mexico appears to be the easiest country to relocate to and the most logical place to do so. The country is beautiful and beachy, but there are also numerous activities. There are numerous activities in Costa Rica, including zip lining, volcano viewing, horseback riding on the beach, and so on. I was thinking about Lucia and Costa Rica, both of which are lovely countries. Help is on the way! Our honeymoon has to be finished this week, so we’ve been working on it. You can post up to three times using the Post button. This was posted in Honeymoons a year ago. Weddingbee Events brings brides together from all over the world. If you’re wanting to splash out on a luxurious getaway, St. If you’re looking for a relaxed holiday with plenty of beach time, Costa Rica is a great choice. So, which is better? It really depends on your budget and what you’re looking for in a vacation. Lucia, on the other hand, is known for its luxury resorts and spas, making it the perfect choice if you’re looking to indulge. It also has more of a selection when it comes to beaches, with something to suit every taste. Lucia, especially when it comes to food and accommodation. Both countries offer beautiful scenery and plenty of activities to keep tourists busy, but there are some key differences that may sway your decision. Lucia and Costa Rica as a vacation destination. There are many factors to consider when choosing between St. The location where the scene takes place (a house, the beach, a cafe etc.) Whether the scene takes place inside (INT., short for INTERIOR) or outside (EXT., short for EXTERIOR) Scene HeadingsĪ screenplay is comprised of a number of different scenes, and every scene starts with a scene heading, also known as a slug line. The exception is the first page which shouldn’t have a page number on it at all. All you should have there is the page number, flush right, about a half-inch from the top of the page, and followed by a period. The top of the page-or header-is also lean and clean. Try to get fancy, with any other font, and your script looks amateurish. It makes it easier to estimate screen time from the number of pages. This font is an entertainment industry standard. It must be the Courier font and 12 points. The font is another one of those rigid rules. The left, or inside, margin needs to allow space for the three-hole punch binding for when your screenplay is printed, so that should be about one-and-a-half inches. The bottom margin, and your right- or outside – margin can vary from that by up to a quarter-inch. But if you’re interested in what the guidelines are, this information will be helpful. Remember – Final Draft automatically formats your margins for you, so you don’t have to worry about doing it yourself. Here are some guidelines regarding page margins for your screenplay. You can use different fonts to make your title really stand out, and you can even add a picture to set the mood. If you’ve registered your screenplay with the Writers Guild, that information can be listed as well.įinal Draft lets you get creative with the Title Page. The writer’s contact details appear at the bottom of the page in the lower left hand corner. This page shows the title of the screenplay and who the screenplay is written by in the center of the page. The first page of your screenplay is called the Title Page. Although there are few rigid rules about formatting a screenplay, there are generally accepted guidelines that you need to know. TV scripts build on this same basic formatting, but also include additional information that varies by genre, studio, or production company. In this guide, we’ll be showing you examples from scripts for feature films. So whatever country you’re in, if you’re using Final Draft, you know you’re using the industry standard. There are dictionaries in English (U.S., Canada, and British), Catalan, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Swiss-German, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese (Brazilian and European), Spanish, and Swedish. Final Draft screenwriting software is used professionally all over the world, including the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Germany, France, and over 60 other countries. Screenplays written in Final Draft and saved in the FDX format are ready for professional use, and it’s not just screenplays you can write with Final Draft: you can also write stage plays, musicals, sitcoms, TV dramas, novels, and even graphic novels.įinal Draft isn’t just for Hollywood either. They often must be retyped or have to go through a complicated conversion process to get them ready for production. Screenplays written with a regular word-processing program or a free web-based screenplay template can’t be used in professional film productions. The Importance of Writing with Final Draft THE IMPORTANCE OF WRITING WITH FINAL DRAFT.But what does a screenplay actually look like? Let’s break it down for you! There are thousands of professional screenwriting opportunities every single year for storytellers just like you, and Final Draft will be the most important tool in your writing arsenal. Hollywood alone produces 700 movies per year, and this number is increasing due to the advent of streaming technology. No matter who you are, you have a story to tell – and there has never been a better time to tell it. Once you understand these formatting rules, Final Draft can take over and do the rest! There are a few fundamental rules about formatting a screenplay that you should know before you get started. Final Draft can help you figure out how to format a screenplay so you can focus on what’s important – crafting a great story. So you’ve got a great idea for a movie – awesome! But before you can produce, direct or sell your movie, you have to write the screenplay in the correct entertainment industry format. |